MCQ ON MENSTRUAL CYCLE
Frequently Asked MCQ quiz on the Menstrual Cycle Questions with Answers – MCQ Quiz for Competitive Exam Preparation – These questions given will be useful for competitive exams preparation. We will be updating more mcq regularly, please follow our website regularly.
The menstrual cycle is a natural process that occurs in the female reproductive system, typically lasting around 28 days on average, although it can vary from woman to woman and cycle to cycle. It involves a series of hormonal and physiological changes that prepare the body for pregnancy. Here are the key phases of the menstrual cycle:
- Menstruation (Days 1-5): The cycle begins with menstruation, which is the shedding of the uterine lining (endometrium) that occurs when an egg released during the previous cycle was not fertilized. Menstruation typically lasts around 3 to 7 days.
- Follicular Phase (Days 1-13): During this phase, the pituitary gland in the brain releases follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which stimulates the ovaries to produce several follicles, each containing an egg. These follicles start to mature, but usually, only one becomes dominant.
- Ovulation (Around Day 14): Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from the dominant follicle in the ovary. This usually occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle, approximately 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period. Ovulation is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), which causes the follicle to rupture and release the egg into the fallopian tube, where it can potentially be fertilized by sperm.
- Luteal Phase (Days 15-28): After ovulation, the empty follicle transforms into a structure called the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone and some estrogen. These hormones help prepare the uterine lining for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum breaks down, leading to a decline in hormone levels, and the menstrual cycle begins again with menstruation.
What is the average length of the menstrual cycle in most women?
A) 14 days
B) 21 days
C) 28 days
D) 35 days
Answer: C) 28 days
What is the first phase of the menstrual cycle called?
A) Menstruation
B) Follicular phase
C) Ovulation
D) Luteal phase
Answer: B) Follicular phase
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Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the development of follicles in the ovary?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
What is the term for the release of an egg from the ovary?
A) Fertilization
B) Ovulation
C) Menstruation
D) Implantation
Answer: B) Ovulation
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does ovulation typically occur?
A) Follicular phase
B) Luteal phase
C) Menstrual phase
D) Proliferative phase
Answer: A) Follicular phase
Which hormone surge triggers ovulation?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
What is the name of the structure that forms from the collapsed follicle after ovulation?
A) Corpus luteum
B) Corpus albicans
C) Corpus callosum
D) Corpus cavernosum
Answer: A) Corpus luteum
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the endometrium thicken in preparation for implantation?
A) Follicular phase
B) Luteal phase
C) Menstrual phase
D) Proliferative phase
Answer: D) Proliferative phase
Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining the thickened endometrium after ovulation?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: B) Progesterone
What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur?
A) It becomes the corpus albicans.
B) It continues to produce estrogen and progesterone.
C) It degenerates and stops hormone production.
D) It transforms into the corpus callosum.
Answer: C) It degenerates and stops hormone production.
Which phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by the shedding of the endometrial lining?
A) Follicular phase
B) Luteal phase
C) Menstrual phase
D) Proliferative phase
Answer: C) Menstrual phase
What is the average duration of menstruation?
A) 1-2 days
B) 3-5 days
C) 7-10 days
D) 14-21 days
Answer: B) 3-5 days
Which hormone triggers the shedding of the endometrial lining during menstruation?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: B) Progesterone
What is the term for the cessation of menstruation, typically occurring in women around the age of 50-51?
A) Menarche
B) Menopause
C) Menstrual cycle
D) Menorrhagia
Answer: B) Menopause
Which phase of the menstrual cycle is also known as the secretory phase?
A) Follicular phase
B) Luteal phase
C) Menstrual phase
D) Proliferative phase
Answer: B) Luteal phase
Which of the following hormones is NOT involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle?
A) Estrogen
B) Testosterone
C) Progesterone
D) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Answer: B) Testosterone
What is the term for irregular or absent menstrual periods?
A) Menarche
B) Menopause
C) Amenorrhea
D) Dysmenorrhea
Answer: C) Amenorrhea
Which structure secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) to regulate the release of FSH and LH?
A) Ovaries
B) Hypothalamus
C) Pituitary gland
D) Uterus
Answer: B) Hypothalamus
What is the average length of the luteal phase in the menstrual cycle?
A) 3-5 days
B) 7-10 days
C) 14 days
D) 21 days
Answer: C) 14 days
Which of the following conditions is characterized by painful menstruation?
A) Menarche
B) Menopause
C) Amenorrhea
D) Dysmenorrhea
Answer: D) Dysmenorrhea
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth and development of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: A) Estrogen
Which phase of the menstrual cycle is also known as the preovulatory phase?
A) Follicular phase
B) Luteal phase
C) Menstrual phase
D) Proliferative phase
Answer: A) Follicular phase
Which of the following conditions is characterized by heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding?
A) Menarche
B) Menopause
C) Amenorrhea
D) Menorrhagia
Answer: D) Menorrhagia
Which hormone is responsible for triggering the onset of menstruation in adolescent girls?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Answer: C) Follicle-stimulating
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