Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARBs) nursing NCLEX pharmacology review for the cardiovascular system.
Angiotensin II receptor blockers mechanism of action works to affect the RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system). ARBs work to lower the blood pressure by inactivating the angiotensin II receptor type I sites. When these sites are inactivated angiotensin II can NOT bind to it, which inhibits vasoconstriction of vessels and the release of aldosterone to increase blood volume.
Angiotensin II receptor blockers are used to treat hypertension, diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetics, and heart failure.
Side effects of ARBs include dizziness, hypotension, hyperkalemia, and GI upset. A dry, persistent cough is not common with this medication when compared to an ACEI (ACE inhibitor).
Nursing considerations for angiotensin II receptors blockers include: assessing blood pressure regularly, monitor potassium levels, renal and liver function, educating on lifestyle changes to help manage hypertension, avoid a diet high in potassium etc.
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Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) are a class of medications used to treat hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. ARBs work by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure. By blocking this hormone, ARBs cause the blood vessels to relax, which lowers blood pressure and improves blood flow to the heart.
ARBs are commonly prescribed for patients with hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy. They are typically taken orally and may be used alone or in combination with other medications, such as diuretics or ACE inhibitors.
When administering ARBs, nurses must monitor patients for potential side effects, such as dizziness, headache, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Additionally, ARBs may cause hypotension, so it is important for nurses to check the patient’s blood pressure regularly and adjust the dosage as needed.
Nurses must also educate patients on the importance of taking their medication as prescribed and the potential risks of stopping treatment abruptly. Patients should be advised to report any side effects or symptoms of worsening cardiovascular disease to their healthcare provider immediately.
Overall, ARBs are an important medication class in the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. Nurses play a critical role in monitoring patients for side effects and promoting medication adherence to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
